Silent Spring Essays - Biology, Natural Environment,

Silent Spring Rachel Louise Carson (1907-64), was an American marine biologist, and author of widely read books on ecological themes. Carson was born in Springdale, Pennsylvania, and educated at the former Pennsylvania College for Women and Johns Hopkins University. Rachel Carson taught Zoology at the University of Maryland from 1931 to 1936. She was an aquatic biologist at the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries and its successor, the Fish and Wildlife Service, from 1936 to 1952. Rachel Carson wrote 4 books including The Sea Around Us for which she was awarded the 1952 National Book Award for nonfiction. At the end of Rachel Carson's career she wrote Silent Spring, which questioned the use of Chemical Pesticides and was responsible for arousing world wide concern for the preservation of the environment. Silent Spring takes a hard look at the effects of the insecticides, weed killers and other common products as well as the use of sprays in agriculture. By introducing these deadly substances, we have poisoned or lakes and streams, or wild and domestic animals, and even ourselves. The book focuses on the importance of balance within the environment. Rachel Carson wrote... "Where spraying destroys not only the insects but also their principle enemy, the birds. When later there is a resurgence in the insect population, as almost always happens, the birds are not there to keep their numbers in check." Carson examines the way dangerous chemicals have been used without sufficient research or regard for their potential harm to wildlife, water, soil, and humans, creating an evil chain of poisoning and death. The over use of DDT, dieldrin and other pesticides eventually poisoned an entire world of living things. Silent Spring not only recognizes the severity of the chemicals usage but recognizes the effect of substance use on a community. It helped people to look at the whole picture, to look into the future instead of the now. Carson helps to change this way of thinking by offering solutions to the existing problems. She helps to show that nature will take care of nature. Many times the best solutions are the introduction of other plants or animals. For many thousands of years man has been battling nature, when if he took a step back, he would see that if he just worked with it his problems could be solved. Rachel Carson helped many people to see this ideal and is partly responsible for starting the environmental movement that has become so apparent in today's society. There are many people that do not support Rachel Carson's findings about DDT. These people challenge her experiments and say that the results would have been worse had the controls not been manipulated. The direct effect of DDT may be different on all types of animals. What the people fail to notice that challenge her statements are the chemical bonds that are produced with DDT and other chemical substances. The significance of Rachel Carson's book was not the scientific accuracy but instead the position it took on DDT. Why this book is so recognized has nothing to do with the actual data, it has to do with awareness and the beginning of global consciousness. Suddenly we are not just a species we are a planet. Carson helped us to realize that everything you do has a greater effect on something else. The arguments of human death due to the banning of DDT are serious ones, and need to be addressed. Many critics say that in many ways Silent Spring has caused more death than it has prevented. In no way do i feel that, that was Rachel Carson's intention. This book is merely a tool for awareness and offers solutions to specific agricultural problems. The critics of Carson are looking to this book, as an answer to all environmental questions instead of looking to it as a guide. I don't feel that in any way Rachel Carson wrote this book for that reason. There are two issues in which i do not feel have been addressed properly. The first is the relationship with government and big business and the second the issue of human survival from insect born diseases. There has been little mention about how the legislation would change the thinking. This book was released in the early 60's and just recently have we been seeing changes with law and business practice. DDT was shown in Rachel Carson's book to be the root of all evil. It failed to show the good it had done and the lives that it had actually saved.

Hamlet Act I, Scene Iii Analysis Essays

Hamlet Act I, Scene Iii Analysis Essays Hamlet Act I, Scene Iii Analysis Paper Hamlet Act I, Scene Iii Analysis Paper Esteban Pitre 8/27/11 ENC 1102 Literary Analysis: Hamlet Act I, Scene III Lines 55-80 In my attempt to read a small portion of William Shakespeare’s Hamlet I found myself perplexed. Laertes, the son of Polonius, is about to leave for France but warns his sister Ophelia to beware of Hamlet, the prince of Denmark. He fears that Hamlet may compromise her sexually and dishonor her. Ophelia harkens under her brother’s voice but mocks him and instructs him to practice what he preaches. Polonius, the king of Denmark’s counselor, says his goodbyes to his son along with fatherly advice on how to conduct himself. Polonius is coaching Laertes on how to â€Å"act†, how to â€Å"seem†, and how to â€Å"show† himself publicly. As Laertes takes his leave Polonius also warns Ophelia against Hamlet. He believes that Hamlet’s interest in Ophelia is purely sexual, and bluntly orders her to have nothing more to do with him. Ophelia humbly promises to obey. Polonius’ exclaims to Laertes in line 61-67: â€Å"Be thou familiar, but by no means vulgar. Those friends thou hast, and their adoption tried, grapple them unto thy soul with hoops of steel, but do not dull thy palm with entertainment of each new-hatched, unfledged courage. Beware of entrance to a quarrel, but being in, Bear ‘t that th’ opposed may beware of thee. † Polonius lectures Laertes to hold his tongue and to hold his friends close to him, but not to take them for granted. : Furthermore, Laertes is told to beware of any fights with any one, and that no one should even dare to oppose him. Polonius’ final instruction to Laertes in lines 77-79, â€Å"This above all: to thine own self be true, and it must follow, as the night the day, thou canst not then be false to any man. † Laertes is lastly told to be true to himself always (night and day). Most of what Polonius tells his son relates to etiquette, rather than ethical up until the last 3 lines. This worldly counsel includes thrift, moderation, prudence and so forth.

Hydraulic fracturing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hydraulic fracturing - Essay Example After hydraulic fracturing, the pressure in the well is dropped and the water containing unconfined natural gas flow back to the well head at the surface leading to the formation of dykes and veins. Moreover, devoid of hydraulic fracturing, shale deposits would not generate natural gas and most low-permeability deposits would not be economical. Concerns about the excessive use of hydraulic fracturing have been raised by the public in the United States, and world wide due to the large volumes of water needed, the chemicals added to fracturing fluids, and the need to dispose off the fluids after wells have been accomplished. Consequently, the environmental impacts of â€Å"hydraulic fracturing† include contamination of aquifers and ground water. By far, this is the most serious local environmental concern and possibly the most controversial concern. The potential threat to ground water comes from two sources namely the pumped fluid comprising of the mixture of water plus chemical, surface spills and the released natural gas. Secondly, chemical additives impact. Indeed, defining the acidic level of additives used in the fracking phase should be rather modest and measurable scientific duty; nevertheless, in some countries fracking enterprises are under no lawful obligation to proclaim the correct alignment of this mixture. The third impact is blow outs whereby if the liquid pumped does not break the rock volume around the bottom of the well as projected. As a result, the high fluid pressure drives the fluid into other open and other leaking paths. The paths include the pumping well bore, as well as other boreholes in the surrounding area that are not ceiled fully to accommodate the high pressures. This results to, explosive outbreak of drilling fluids and/or oil and gas from the adjacent wells resulting to pre-existing pervious connectivity at depth. The fourth

Sustainable Business Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words - 1

Sustainable Business Development - Essay Example Zipcar can be taken as a service which causes such environmental implications. It is a car sharing club located in United Kingdom. As per figure1 there exists series of steps to be focused on while manufacturing cars. In this process metals has to be extracted and ores need to be dug from the ground. These raw materials are then transformed into parts. There are other parts that are transported to assembly unit like paint, rubber tyres, plastic dashboards, etc. The entire transportation process encompasses consumption of energy. A medium size car production results into emission of approximately 17 tonnes of carbon dioxide. The major environmental impacts caused by car production are in terms of waste water discharge, solid waste generated in manufacturing units which is disposed to landfill, emission of volatile organic compounds to air, energy consumption, large amount of waste generation, etc. Greenhouse gases are strongly emitted during the production phase of Cars (Harrington and McConnell, 2003). It has been witnessed that waste is generated in large amounts starting from extracting of raw materials to fi nal packaging. Figure 2 clearly states that production volume country wise has increased over a given time frame. This sudden increase in volume has caused drastic impact on the environment. On the other hand, enhanced consumption rate is another aspect which has contributed towards production increase. However in recent scenario level of Car sales has returned back to normal level as denoted in figure 3. The consistent demand towards Car consumption has caused drastic impacts on environment. In overall context, the major pollutants discharged by Cars are greenhouse gases. Burning of fuel within Car emits large amount of carbon monoxide into the atmosphere which is harmful for human body as well as atmosphere. Global warming is the final result of such emissions (Kagawa, 2011). Noise pollution is also another factor related to Car consumption

Exam Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Exam Case Study - Essay Example It should be noted that as bureaucratic leader, he has set out specific procedures and guidelines which should be strictly followed by his subordinates. Being task oriented, his main concern is efficiency, which he strongly believes to be attainable only by following the preset work directives. In his aim of having ultimately control of the plant, he even devises a system where all the administrative processes supporting craftsmen still needs his approval. He has little or no concern that his employees are demoralized by his behavior. His only interest is to get work done through people. He ultimately treats workforce as resources which should be used in order to attain organizational goals without considering the issues of motivating and retaining them. Eradour should be commended in his recognition that efficiency is the top priority of his plant. As previously discussed, production cost of aluminium is relatively high which necessitates the focus on efficiently utilizing organizational assets in order to reduce wastage thereby reducing production cost. Being a plant which operates on highly technical processes, the carbon plant thus needs to be guided with procedures to ensure that processes are being carried out as they should. The most important issue in the Carbon Plant is the lack of employee empowerment. The organizational structure is very centralized noting that Eradour is in control of almost everything through his establishment of guidelines which should be followed at all times. The manager should look into giving more autonomy in making some decisions. The fact that problems still arise amidst the strict guidelines signal that there are inevitable situations which should be left at the discretion of the employee. Giving enough empowerment leaves the workforce more motivated as this communicates that his insights are valued. More empowerment should be given most especially to the craftsmen. Intervention in this department

A Review of the Use of Platelets

A Review of the Use of Platelets Introduction Blood is circulated by the heart around the body and performs many physiological functions because of the many components in blood. Half of the blood consists of cells, whereas the other half is plasma fluid. Plasma contains the nutritional material, waste, and proteins which play a part in haemostasis as discussed later in the review. Erythrocytes are one of the cells in blood, they contain haemoglobin and their main function is to transport oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues. Blood also contains leukocytes and plays a role in defending the body from pathogens and foreign antigens. Finally the blood contains platelets, which are very small and work together with coagulation factors to play a major role in haemostasis. In order to understand the use of platelets in transfusion their physiological function should be considered. Haemostasis is a normal physiological response that helps avoid excessive bleeding and haemorrhaging. They have other function such as making sure the blood is fluid and in motion thereby maintaining blood vessel integrity (Verhamme, 2009). Haemostasis is a response of three different stages that progress through time. The first response which is known as primary haemostasis and this is where the platelet cells in the blood are activated once they come into contact with the exposed endothelial cells, especially collagen due to the vascular damage. The final haemostasis response causes fibrinolysis to separate and dissolve the blood clot (Verstraeten, 2004). Going back to primary haemostasis the platelets release a substance that causes the vascular muscles in the vessel to constrict, and expose a phospholipid structure that reacts with proteins known as a coagulation factors including fibrinogen and are found in the plasma. The damaged vessel releases a certain lipoprotein (tissue thromboplastin) that activates coagulation in the plasma forming a fibrin clot, which is the pus that is released once the clot is penetrated. Use Of platelets There are several uses of platelets for transfusion purposes that are available for a variety of patients. Children with malignant diseases such as Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL) or Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML) are the most common type of patients that can receive transfusions. This technique is used to treat excessive bleeding and also when blood platelet levels fall drastically. If patients with ALL show symptoms of the disease or are bleeding continuously and prone to infections then prophylactic platelet transfusion therapy is used to raise the platelet count. In patients with AML platelet transfusions are carried out during induction chemotherapy and then later on again during stem cell transplantation. Higher threshold platelet count is required in patients suffering from disease-induced thrombocytopenia. Transfusion in stem cell recipients is another use of platelets, particularly before the engraftment phase of transplantation. ABO incompatibility may be an issue with platelet transfusions and therefore the composition must be consistent with both the donor and recipient. Children with congenital platelet disorders may also require transfusion. Inherited disorders such as Bernard-Soulier disease and Glanzmanns thrombasthenia may cause patients to bleed excessively during surgery or on other occasions. Apherisised platelets should be used. Transfusions may also be required in patients who have abnormal platelets as a result of diseases such as Wiskott-Aldrich or Fanconi anaemia. However transfusions should be carried out prudently and reserved mainly for major bleeding episodes. Platelet transfusion can also be used during pregnancy. Situations include excessive bleeding that can occur during the post-natal period, consumptive coagulopathy, placental breakage, and serious toxaemia or HELLP syndrome. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) status should be checked and if negative or unknown then CMV seronegative platelets should be administered. CMV and other infections in the newborn, such as rubella and syphilis may result in repression of platelet production that can lead to enlargement of the spleen and also a decreased platelet lifespan. Platelet transfusion for neonatal congenital infections may therefore be a possibility. Platelet alloimmunisation may cause foetal thrombocytopenia and therefore transfusion therapy into the uterus of the baby during pregnancy can be achievable to increase the platelet count. Intrauterine transfusions (IUT) are also used to avoid brain haemorrhages and other areas where excessive bleeding can occur. However IUTs are known to cause foetal death in approximately 1% of cases. Patients involved in ECMO therapy or having a cardiopulmonary bypass can also have platelet transfusion therapy. Abnormally high levels of bleeding can be replaced to return platelet levels to somewhere near normality. Infants with Foetomaternal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia with or without Intra-cerebral haemorrhage can have transfusion to normalise or replace platelet loss, making sure also that platelet-specific antigen used is negative. References Verhamme, P and Hoylaerts, M. F. (2009). Hemostasis and inflammation: two of a kind? Thrombosis Journal. 7 (15), p1-3. Verstraeten, L et al. (2004). Journal de pharmacie de Belgique. The physiology of primary hemostasis. 44 (4), P302-307. Pisciotto PT, Benson K, Hume H, Glassman AB, Oberman H, Popovsky M, Hines D, Anderson K. Prophylactic versus therapeutic platelet transfusion practices in hematology and/or oncology patients. Transfusion 1995; 35; 498-502. Kelley DL, Fegan RL, Ng AT, Kennedy MK, Blanda E, Chambers LA, Kennedy MS, Lasky LC. High-yield platelet concentrates attainable by continuous quality improvement reduce platelet transfusion cost and donor exposure. Transfusion 1997: 37; 482-486. Hunt BJ. Indications for therapeutic platelet transfusions. Consensus conference on platelet transfusions. Blood Rev 1998; 12:227-233. HG Klein and DJ Anstee; Mollisons Blood Transfusion in Clinical Medicine Ch14 p611-612; ch15 p675. Sally V. Rudman; Textbook of Blood Banking and Transfusion Medicine; Ch14 p380-383. THE ROYAL CHILDRENS HOSPITAL, MELBOURNE (2008) Platelet transfusion [WWW]. Available from: http://www.rch.org.au/bloodtrans/about.cfm?doc_id=7374 [Accessed 24/02/10].

A Look at Todays Whaling Essay -- Fishing Ocean Papers

A Look at Today's Whaling â€Å" The story of the whale is so remarkable, that were there not so many witnesses, I would not venture to tell it, lest I be accused of exaggeration.† -J.D.B Stillman, aboard the ship Plymouth, November 1850 (Stewart, 1995) There is no doubt that humans have always been intrigued with the majestic beauty of the large giants found in all of the world’s oceans. Whales and people have had a long history together, marked by many turns of events. Long ago, native tribes, from many places in the world, depended largely on whales for protein in their diets. They were also able to use much of the whale for oil, thus began a tradition of whaling. The first documented whaling expedition occurred in South Korea around 6000 BC (Bryant, 2000). Whaling began with smaller whales, since humans had only small boats and weapons, such as spears. However, as humans developed larger, more powerful weapons and built bigger boats, they also attained the ability to hunt larger whales. At this time, whaling became an industry, rather than a method of obtaining nutrition and oil when needed. As the whaling industry gained popularity the whale populations began to decline. Whalers moved from one species to another as their numbers decreased to a population size that was no longer economical to hunt. This strain on the whale populations was the heaviest with the creation of whole whaling fleets. It is apparent, that although whaling has important economic value, providing oil and meat, it also has a devastating affect on the whale populations that are targeted. Conservation and sustainability of whale populations has been ignored for a long period of time, leading to possible extinction for many species. Whaling ... ...eo retrieved November 20, 2004, from the following website: http://www.orcaconservancy.org/captivity Horvath, Beth. Gray whales. Lecture given on July 27, 2004 during a Marine Mammals class through AuSable Institute. International Whaling Commission (2004). Aboriginal subsistence whaling. Retrieved November 20, 2004, from the following website: http://www.iwcoffice.org/conservation/aboriginal.htm Marine mammal protection act of 1972. Retrieved October 3, 2004, from the following website: http://laws.fws.gov/lawsdigest/marmam.html Melville, Herman (1952). Moby-Dick. New York, NY: Hendricks House, Inc. Misaki, Shigeko (2000). Media wars on whales and whaling. Retrieved November 21, 2004, from the following website: http://luna.pos.to/whale/gen_mis_media.html Stewart, Frank (1995). The presence of whales. Seattle, WA: Alaska Northwest Books. A Look at Today's Whaling Essay -- Fishing Ocean Papers A Look at Today's Whaling â€Å" The story of the whale is so remarkable, that were there not so many witnesses, I would not venture to tell it, lest I be accused of exaggeration.† -J.D.B Stillman, aboard the ship Plymouth, November 1850 (Stewart, 1995) There is no doubt that humans have always been intrigued with the majestic beauty of the large giants found in all of the world’s oceans. Whales and people have had a long history together, marked by many turns of events. Long ago, native tribes, from many places in the world, depended largely on whales for protein in their diets. They were also able to use much of the whale for oil, thus began a tradition of whaling. The first documented whaling expedition occurred in South Korea around 6000 BC (Bryant, 2000). Whaling began with smaller whales, since humans had only small boats and weapons, such as spears. However, as humans developed larger, more powerful weapons and built bigger boats, they also attained the ability to hunt larger whales. At this time, whaling became an industry, rather than a method of obtaining nutrition and oil when needed. As the whaling industry gained popularity the whale populations began to decline. Whalers moved from one species to another as their numbers decreased to a population size that was no longer economical to hunt. This strain on the whale populations was the heaviest with the creation of whole whaling fleets. It is apparent, that although whaling has important economic value, providing oil and meat, it also has a devastating affect on the whale populations that are targeted. Conservation and sustainability of whale populations has been ignored for a long period of time, leading to possible extinction for many species. Whaling ... ...eo retrieved November 20, 2004, from the following website: http://www.orcaconservancy.org/captivity Horvath, Beth. Gray whales. Lecture given on July 27, 2004 during a Marine Mammals class through AuSable Institute. International Whaling Commission (2004). Aboriginal subsistence whaling. Retrieved November 20, 2004, from the following website: http://www.iwcoffice.org/conservation/aboriginal.htm Marine mammal protection act of 1972. Retrieved October 3, 2004, from the following website: http://laws.fws.gov/lawsdigest/marmam.html Melville, Herman (1952). Moby-Dick. New York, NY: Hendricks House, Inc. Misaki, Shigeko (2000). Media wars on whales and whaling. Retrieved November 21, 2004, from the following website: http://luna.pos.to/whale/gen_mis_media.html Stewart, Frank (1995). The presence of whales. Seattle, WA: Alaska Northwest Books.

Kudler’s Strategic Plan Essay

The mission statement should be a clear and succinct representation of the enterprise’s purpose for existence (BRS Center for Business Planning, 2010). Kudler Fine Foods mission statement is to supply the finest assortment of their wines and foods with a knowledgeable support staff. Vision Kudler Fine Foods vision highlights their image for the future and their motivation. The gourmet grocery store’s vision is to sustain superior and quality foods, at competitive prices, with friendly service. Values Statements The values statement provides boundaries on how such success will be achieved and establishes a covenant you ask all stakeholders to accept by answering the question: â€Å"How will we behave as we pursue success?† (Magus Consulting, 2010). The value statement of Kudler Fine Foods focuses on employee’s dedication, high standards, and cleanliness. Their employees and customers are priority and Kudler provides the means to inspire employees, which in maintain long-term relationships with customers. Environmental scan Kudler Fine Foods performed an SWOT analysis scan to determine the company’s new strategies. To conduct the analysis, the company conducts SWOT analysis to establish its current conditions. Strengths Kudler Fine Foods is small, customer-oriented organization in which the owner, Kathy Kudler, interacts with staff members weekly. The company offerings include a wide variety of quality fruits, vegetables, wines, and cheeses. In addition, the stores are in excellent economic regions where customers can afford the prices. Furthermore, the firm has repeat customers, which demonstrates that the company has an impeccable reputation and high customer satisfaction (Apollo Group, Inc., 2007). Weaknesses Kudler Fine Foods sells mostly perishable foods, and about 12% of the stock is removed from the shelves to ensure freshness, which also results in waste and lost profits. In addition, the stores have high payrolls associated with specialty positions and small management that makes managing, ordering, and maintaining inventory difficult for the owner. Kathy is managing all the stores, ordering supplies, and maintaining inventory. A management model in which Kathy performs all major activities limits growth and represents a risk because if she became ill, she would not have a replacement, which would have a negative impact on store operations (Apollo Group, Inc., 2007). Kudler’s Fine Foods External Analysis Opportunities Kudler Fine Foods has the opportunity to fulfill other market needs by including additional gourmet products to their offer such as coffee and tea, a fish counter, a deli counter, among others. This horizontal expansion of the business will attract new customers and increase the share of wallet from current customers. Other expansion opportunities for Kudler Fine Foods include the consolidation and growth of the catering business and the entrance to the e-market by offering delivery of gourmet products and ordering of catering services. The Internet is usually a lower cost channel given that fewer employees are needed to maintain it and to drive an increase of the customer base. Finally, the most obvious growth opportunity for the company relies in geographic expansion. Opening more stores in the California area and in other states is a possibility for Kudler Fine Foods if they can increase their management capabilities. (Apollo Group, Inc., 2007). Threats Kudler Fine Foods, like other businesses, faces threats relative to the economic conditions of the region in which it operates. The market for gourmet products is very sensitive to economic downturn because consumption of such items usually responds to desire rather than necessity. Current unstable weather conditions and natural disasters (like earthquakes) due to global warming also pose a threat of increased costs of produce if it affects local producers that supply Kudler Fine Foods. Other threats come from direct and indirect competition. If competitors choose to expand geographically or to extend their product lines to include the products Kudler Fine Foods today provides, this expansion could have a negative impact on the company’s bottom line. Another threat could be that traditional supermarkets are expanding their offers to include organic products and some gourmet items. Traditional supermarkets usually have higher bargaining power, which allows them to offer lower prices, and they have the advantage of covering a wide rage of needs in a same location. (Apollo Group, Inc., 2007). Review of the individual strategies from Week Four and a recommendation for the best strategy for Kudler see strategies below (in pink) and choose best strategy Strategic Plan Kudler’s strategic plan involves increasing efficiency of their management and employees. Firms that implement the strategy of operational excellence typically restructure their delivery processes to focus on efficiency and reliability, and use state-of-the art information systems that emphasize integration and low-cost transactions (Pearce & Robinson, 2009). Kudler Fine Foods requires exceptional customer service because the store is a customer-oriented. Companies excelling in customer intimacy combine detailed customer knowledge with operational flexibility. They respond quickly to almost any need, from customizing a product to fulfilling special requests to create customer loyalty (Pearce & Robinson, 2009). Therefore, their strategic plan will include ways to retain their customers, as customers are the most important to their bottom-line. Concentrated Growth Strategy Kudler Fine Foods should consider the concentrated growth strategy. According to Pearce and Robinson (2009), the concentrated growth strategy is the least risky grand strategy. Successful implementation of a concentrated growth strategy would increase KFF’s market penetration. Smaller companies such as Kudler Fine Foods with limited resources can increase market position with a concentrated growth strategy. In addition, this strategy can help KFF to increase the number of repeat customers and their usage rates (Pearce & Robinson, 2009). However, this strategy does entail some risks. These risks include changes in the economy, possible slow market growth, vulnerability to high opportunity cost related to alternative strategic approaches, and the probability of financial losses by KFF related to poor forecasts (Pearce & Robinson, 2009). Product development focused on new products Kudler could develop Product development is the process of creating a new product to be sold by a business or enterprise to its customers. A product can be any item from a book, musical composition, or information service. The task of developing outstanding new products is difficult, time-consuming, and costly. However, quality products are not simply designed, but instead they evolve over time through hours of research, analysis, design studies, engineering and prototyping efforts, and finally, testing, modifying, and re-testing until the design has been perfected (Riley, 2009). Kudler Fine Foods is already a supplier of gourmet food and adding coffee products to the company’s selection would put them another step ahead of the competition. â€Å"Demand for both coffee and coffee â€Å"drinks† is so high that recent surveys estimate that coffeehouses alone sold $8.3 billion in coffees and coffee drinks and that amount is expected to reach almost $19 billion by 2011, according the Specialty Coffee Association of America. It reports that the United States coffee industry has grown almost 50% from $7.76 billion in 2000 to more than $11 billion in 2005 and the figures keep climbing† (Rosen, n.d., p.1). The type of coffee products that Kudler Fine Foods could market is gourmet coffee, flavored coffee, and decaf coffee. Differentiation and customer responsiveness Another alternative strategy that Kudler Fine Foods may consider to realize growth would be â€Å"differentiation.† Differentiation is â€Å"designed to appeal to customers with a special sensitivity for a particular product attribute† (Pearce & Robinson, 2009, p. 204). † Differentiation assists in building loyalty with customers as well as it enables an organization to charge a â€Å"premium† for its products and services (Pearce & Robinson, 2009). Differentiation helps separate a brand from others and build a reputation for â€Å"excellence† (Pearce & Robinson, 2009). Kudler may use differentiation to separate itself from competitors and help build its reputation, which would result in increased customer loyalty and would appeal to those customers seeking for specific attributes. Kudler may couple this strategy with â€Å"customer intimacy,† which tailoring products and services that fit customers (Pearce & Robinson, 2009). â€Å"Customer intimacy† assumes certain degree of knowledge about customers and the flexibility to make necessary adjustments. This long-term approach is designed to satisfy customers. Because Kudler is a relatively small operation with centralized management, it has the flexibility and the resources to grow to know its customers and build the kind of relationships that will result in lifetime customers. Market development by adding a sales channel Kudler Fine Foods has been successful in marketing its products through several stores where customers can choose and buy gourmet products. As revealed in the company’s SWOT analysis, the superior selection of a variety of products has been a critical strength to support such growth. According to Pearce and Robinson (2009), â€Å"market development allows firms to leverage some of their traditional strengths.† In this proposed strategic alternative Kudler Fine Foods can use its excellent selection of products to appeal to an even larger base of customers by selling its products through the Internet. Online sales have presented two digit growth rates in the past four years (Greene, 2009). Internet can be considered a cheaper channel to drive growth given that it requires less capital investment than opening a new location and it reaches a larger base of customers. Advertising in other media Other strategic option includes advertising with newspapers, a local radio station or television advertisement. Placing a weekly ad in a local newspaper, KFF will become a known brand for fine gourmet in the Del Mar area. Because the advertisement will be in a local paper, it pinpoints the target market and reduces costs. Kathy should advertise on the radio during peak hours her free cheese samples and wine meetings. If the cheese, dairy, and wine areas are in the front of the store, Kathy should consider placing it near the back. The goal is to compel consumers to walk around the KFF store to see their products before arriving at the cheese and wine area. Another way to market Kudler is through television. Because Kudler is selling locally, expensive commercials will work against them. By using a local advertiser, the intended message will be seen by consumers in that particular demographic area. Costs will be minimal because advertising in local newspapers, radio, and television will be done locally. Implementation Plan: Create a WBS and Gantt chart for the new strategy. Include objectives, functional tactics, action items, milestones, tasks, resource allocation, and a deadline. In addition, analyze the key success factors for plan implementation. Include cash budget for the implementation plan and forecasted financials for Kudler. I did this last week, but I was not sure if I did this correctly. See excel spreadsheet Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) Incorporating a work breakdown structure will assist KFF in their efforts to assign responsibilities and manage time. Currently Kathy is responsible for each department and which takes away her time from other managerial duties. The WBS has four sections, planning and supervision, inventory management, staff management, and marketing. Planning and supervision refers to how Kathy will operate Kudler Fine Foods. Kathy will make plans, verify the budgets, and meet with shift-supervisors for each department. Inventory management is crucial for a gourmet grocery store. Forecasting sales will help reduce chances of ordering too much food. A customer count can be incorporated by issuing savings cards so customers can attach to his or her key ring. This device not only tracks what customers are purchasing but also their geographic location. Food count will let shift-supervisors know how much food should be ordered every two days. Food management must be accurate because KFF offers the freshest foods and ordering too much food will cost the company. Kathy has to manage her staff so that she is not over or understaffed. Because there are six sections to KFF, there should be at least three employees in each department. Employees should strategically be placed in their area of strength. For example, an employee with excellent math skills, they should be placed on the register. In addition, the employees should be cross-trained in the event of someone taking leave. Shift-supervisors are also responsible for coordinating employee’s schedules. Marketing for a gourmet store is chief to earning sales. Kathy has to study the local businesses, schools, stores, and understand who the competitors are. This understanding will assist in becoming more profitable and peaking customer’s interests. Once Kathy is aware of the other factors, it is easier to strategize. In addition, considering holidays and vacations will alert Kathy of when to expect crowds and order more inventory. To continue to attract customers, Kathy should continue to offer free samples on Saturdays. Once a potential customer is interested, he or she has a higher chance of coming into the store and spending. A guest check average will assist with ordering inventory because the average calculates the number of customers divided by the money spent in the store.

A Love Letter †Creative Writing Course

A Love Letter – Creative Writing Course Free Online Research Papers A Love Letter Creative Writing Course Dear Ken,I still remember your attractiveness when I met you for the first time in the classroom 215. You seated yourself, listening attentively to professor. With the smooth hair hanging on your face, you looked like a graceful prince appearing only in fairy tales. You were so brilliant that I could not help but to rivet my attention on you. Ever since the day of our first encounter, I have been impressed with your engaging appearance, and I knew that I have been addicted to you. The first contact I had with you was in an event held for welcoming the frosh. That was an overnight camp. On the first day when I got to the destination I found that you were there. At that time I knew that we were in the same department and I felt a little happy for that. You were one of the staff, setting things in the place we were going to use. I waited for your appearance while the host was introducing all the staff. Then you came in front of the frosh, and the host introduced you to all of us. You were a sophomore and responsible for the implements in this event. In the afternoon we had a period of free time, and I found that you lay down on the ground under the tree. I approached you carefully, glancing at you, and then passed you by. I got confused for the desire that I yearned to kiss you because you were like the sleeping beauty, though you were not a princess but a prince. On the second day there was a primary activity. In this activity, we had to pass through many stages and in each stage we also had to get a piece of paper that was part of the map, which could show where the treasure was buried. In one of the stage, I had to play a game with the master of the stage, and the master was you. Do you remember? We splashed water in turn, but I had only a rag to defend myself. So I got soaked at last. But that’s ok. I was contented when I saw your shining smile. It was the most precious experience in that event. After the event, I wanted to know you, but I didn’t know how to do. Once I went to the gym to play badminton, it was amazing that you were there, too. We both joined the badminton team of our department. At the moment, I really agreed that chance rules our lives. Then, we knew each other. You were a simple, practical, hard-working man. It seemed that you didn’t like to do anything that might waste time. I always saw you having meals by yourself. You liked to act alone so that it would not waste time. But since I knew you, I was delighted that sometimes I could dine out with you and others. That meant at least we were friends, right? One day when I walked on campus, I saw you walked toward me in distance. On seeing you closer and closer, I got so nervous that I turned around to avoid you. At that night, I recalled this event and thought it over. But I still didn’t know why I did it. I was very confused and anxious that why I became so strange. I burst out crying. I even didn’t know why I was crying. Now I know it’s all because of you. From the day I cried, I have fallen in love with you. I know that there is no possibility that you will like me. Nevertheless, I hope we can remain our friendship. Still, I will try to know you more. The more I understand you, the more I will like you. Don’t worry. I don’t want to be your burden and I won’t be. Because I only want your happiness, knowing I can never be yours to share it. Research Papers on A Love Letter - Creative Writing CourseThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsThe Hockey GameMind TravelComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoThe Project Managment Office SystemThe Spring and AutumnAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductEffects of Television Violence on Children

The Melting Pot essays

The Melting Pot essays In the 1800s and the early 1900s, some people gave the America the name, the melting pot. People imagined this because thousands and thousands of immigrants coming from around the world were coming into the United States in hope of a better life. So most people imagined that all these different cultures were being poured into a giant pot called America, heated to a low boil and molded into one kind of person. If one steps back and thinks about this theory, it isnt entirely true. In fact, its not really true at all. If one takes a closer look at America today, one sees millions of people labeled Americans but not by how they act, what religions they practice and what kind of foods they eat but where they are born. total opposites. Now all Americans must be able to speak English, or at least bad English, and they must also follow the laws set fourth by out four fathers, but no two Americans are alike. Take San Francisco for example. Twenty years ago, it was the center for the hippie movement, but just down the street from Haight and Ashbury there is a place called China Town. A place placed filled with Chinese Americans, shops and temples that could be easily mistaken for buildings only found in China . In Ohio, one could meet a Caucasian farmer, a African American businessman, an Amish family or even a reporter who has a strong German background all in the same day. So many different people living together in one piece of land. Now, after taking a closer look, no one really melted together to make just one kind of person. But what did they do? One could say that the English man could be symbolized as lettuce, Africans as black olives, Germans as radishes, Italians as tomatoes and so on and so forth making a giant salad. All different kinds of fruits and vegetables tossed together in a bowl to create one dish. Everything in close quarters of each other, but still separate and individual. This is how Ame ...

Public health nurse interventions and recommendations Assignment

Public health nurse interventions and recommendations - Assignment Example Most are poisoned at around their homes when they are exposed to lead-contaminated dust at harmful levels, deteriorated lead- based paint and also contaminated soil. To control lead poisoning, local advocates can target potential hot spots for lead poisoning, educate people and also policy makers on the extent and severity of lead poisoning and use the media in advocacy. The affected state should connect with lead poisoning prevention advocacy groups to make assist each other in fighting against lead poisoning. Also by learning on the number of affected children’s and collecting their blood samples will assist in making of policies meant for control of lead poisoning. Superfund sites have been ranked as the worst toxic waste sites. Around 11 million people in US and 3-4 million children live within the outcasts of federal superfund site making it a potential health risk. Most of the states have been affected by poor air quality due to smog and soot caused by six ubiquitous pollutants. Over 170 million people in America live in areas where federal air quality standards are not met. This poses them to health risks of heart and lung diseases and premature deaths. They lead to depletion of ozone layer and triggers asthma attacks. To curb the problem, the government should impose laws and regulations governing the industries in need to purify their wastes before releasing them to the environment. The water quality remains a challenge in the US even if waterways has become cleaned and discharged as well as sewage treatment has been controlled. The industrial wastes should be treated before being discharged into the water. Animal wastes produced by the intensive livestock operations with more firms have readily contributed to pollution. Proper animal wastes treatment practices should be adequate to protect water and environment

Socio-Cultural Turn in Public Relations Scholarship Essay

Socio-Cultural Turn in Public Relations Scholarship - Essay Example Due to this fact, the social world has not had its fair share of this research as far as public relations are concerned . It is a well-known fact that organizations do operate in the social world full of cultural diversity and any communication or decision that does not take into account the interests of the socio-cultural dimension is ineffective. This is because such public relations may not go down well with a section of persons in the social scene . Public relations scholarship has in turn taken a new dimension to meet the emerging interests by the society and culture. It has become evident that public relations scholarship cannot be the reserve of organizations alone but ought to incorporate such aspect of life as anthropology, storytelling, cultural studies, and pragmatism as a whole . These methodological approaches encompass both the practical and the theoretical aspects of various disciplines ranging from post-colonial life, sociology, political economy, cultural, and ecological studies . Recent studies have proved that when scholars engage in the new ways of public relations like extracting interviews especially from those who specialize in that particular field, they tend to expand their communication insight and gain more inspiration . This enables them to face the social world with confidence and a new perspective of handling diverse personalities as these also, exist in the world where organizations operate. In the face of multiple communication channels and strategies, it has become apparent that public relations and public relations scholarship should not suffer constraints and limits. This extends to the fact that currently organizations are the only institutions that get the recognition of managing their affairs as far as public relations are concerned9. Public relations culture and infrastructure Public relations, when viewed from the cultural perspective, must pay due attention to the general as well as the specific territorial aspects of the culture. The m ain components of the territorial infrastructure of the public relations are the civil society, the political and economic system, the media system, and the socio-cultural system10. Both culture and public relations are a function of the existence of human beings in that the man is the originator of culture and creator public relations therefore the two can work better if man incorporates them to